01 - Combine chicken pieces with fish sauce, soy sauce, brown sugar, black pepper, garlic, and shallot in a large bowl. Mix thoroughly and marinate for 15 minutes to 1 hour for optimal flavor penetration.
02 - Heat oil in a large skillet or clay pot over medium heat. Add brown sugar and cook while stirring constantly until melted and deep amber colored, approximately 2-3 minutes.
03 - Add marinated chicken to the caramel, reserving excess marinade. Sear for 3-4 minutes while turning pieces to coat evenly in the caramelized sugar.
04 - Pour in reserved marinade, water, fish sauce, soy sauce, and sliced chilies. Stir thoroughly to incorporate all ingredients.
05 - Reduce heat to low, cover, and simmer for 25-30 minutes. Stir occasionally until chicken is fully cooked and sauce has thickened to a glossy consistency.
06 - Remove lid during final 5 minutes of cooking to allow sauce reduction and concentrate flavors if needed.
07 - Top with sliced scallions and fresh cilantro. Serve immediately alongside steamed jasmine rice.