01 - Bring a large pot of salted water to a rolling boil. Add the pasta and cook according to package directions until al dente. Drain thoroughly, rinse under cold water to stop cooking, and set aside to cool completely.
02 - Heat a grill or large skillet over medium-high heat. Lightly coat corn with oil and cook, turning frequently, until kernels develop charred spots and become tender, approximately 8–10 minutes. Allow to cool, then cut kernels from cobs. For frozen corn, sauté in a dry skillet until lightly golden.
03 - In a large mixing bowl, whisk together mayonnaise, sour cream, lime juice, chili powder, smoked paprika, cumin, salt, and black pepper until completely smooth and well combined.
04 - Add cooled pasta, charred corn kernels, diced bell pepper, red onion, minced jalapeño, and chopped cilantro to the bowl with the dressing. Toss thoroughly to ensure all components are evenly coated.
05 - Gently fold in crumbled cotija cheese, being careful not to break down the cheese too much. Taste the salad and adjust seasoning with additional salt or pepper if needed.
06 - Refrigerate the salad for at least 15 minutes to allow flavors to meld. Before serving, garnish with additional fresh cilantro, lime wedges, and a light dusting of chili powder if desired.